Bibliography for ML1EU: The Making of Modern Europe: 1789 to the Present BETA

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Afflerbach, H. and Stevenson, D. (2012) An improbable war: the outbreak of World War I and European political culture before 1914. New York: Berghahn Books. Available at: http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=946876.

Agulhon, M. (1983) The Republican experiment, 1848-1852. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Alan J. Reinerman (1991) ‘The Failure of Popular Counter-Revolution in Risorgimento Italy: The Case of the Centurions, 1831-1847’, The Historical Journal, 34(1), pp. 21–41. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2639706?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Alan Reinerman (1970) ‘Metternich and Reform: The Case of the Papal State, 1814-1848’, The Journal of Modern History, 42(4), pp. 524–548. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1905827?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Aldcroft, D.H. and Sutcliffe, A. (1999) Europe in the international economy 1500 to 2000. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Pub.

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Alexander Grab (1995) ‘Army, State, and Society: Conscription and Desertion in Napoleonic Italy (1802-1814)’, The Journal of Modern History, 67(1), pp. 25–54. Available at: http://www.jstor.org.idpproxy.reading.ac.uk/stable/2124982?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Alexander, R.S. (2001) Napoleon. London: Arnold/Hodder.

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Alvin W. Gouldner (1983) ‘Artisans and Intellectuals in the German Revolution of 1848’, Theory and Society, 12(4), pp. 521–532. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/657388?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Anderson, M.S. and Duggan, C. (2003) The ascendancy of Europe: 1815-1914. Third edition. Harlow: Pearson Longman. Available at: http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=1741867.

Andreas Hillgruber (1974) ‘England’s Place in Hitler’s Plans for World Dominion’, Journal of Contemporary History, 9(1), pp. 5–22. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/260265?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Anthony D. Smith (1992) ‘National Identity and the Idea of European Unity’, International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-), 68(1), pp. 55–76. Available at: http://www.jstor.org.idpproxy.reading.ac.uk/stable/2620461?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

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Bartov, O. (1991b) Hitler’s army: soldiers, Nazis, and war in the Third Reich. New York: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195079036.001.0001.

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Bell, P.M.H. (2007a) The origins of the Second World War in Europe. 3rd ed. Harlow: Pearson-Longman. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?milDocID=183071.

Bell, P.M.H. (2007b) The origins of the Second World War in Europe. 3rd ed. Harlow: Pearson Longman. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?milDocID=183071.

Berend, I.T. and Ránki, G. (1982) The European periphery and industrialization 1780-1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Berger, Helge; Spoerer, Mark (2001) ‘Economic Crises and the European Revolutions of 1848’, The Journal of Economic History, 61(02), pp. 293–326. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050701028029.

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Blanning, T.C.W. (1986) The origins of the French revolutionary wars. London: Longman. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315836928.

Blanning, T.C.W. (1996) The French Revolutionary Wars, 1787-1802. London: Arnold.

Blanning, T.C.W. (2000) The nineteenth century: Europe, 1789-1914. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Blanning, T.C.W., Schulze, H., and British Academy (2006) Unity and diversity in European culture, c.1800. Oxford: Published for The British Academy by Oxford University Press.

Blanning, T. C. W., Schulze, H., and British Academy (2006) Unity and diversity in European culture c.1800. Oxford: Published for The British Academy by Oxford University Press. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263822.001.0001.

Blinkhorn, M. (2000) Fascism and the right in Europe, 1919-1945. Harlow: Longman.

Boardman, K., Boardman, K. and Kinealy, C. (2007) 1848: the year the world turned? Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Boemeke, M.F., Feldman, G.D. and Glaser, E. (1998) The Treaty of Versailles: a reassessment after 75 years. Washington, D.C: German Historical Institute.

Boer, P. den, Bugge, P., Woever, O., Wilson, K., Dussen, W.J. van der, and Open University (1995) The history of the idea of Europe. Rev. ed. London: Routledge and The Open University.

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Bosworth, R. (2010) Mussolini. New ed. London: Bloomsbury Academic. Available at: http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=1630355.

Bourne, J.M. (1989) Britain and the great war 1914-1918. London: Edward Arnold.

Bova, R. (2003) Russia and western civilization: cultural and historical encounters. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe.

Breuilly, J. (1993) Nationalism and the state. 2nd ed. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Breuilly, J. (1996) The formation of the first German nation-state, 1800-1871. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Breuilly, J. (2001) Nineteenth-century Germany: politics, culture, and society 1780-1918. London: Arnold.

Breuilly, J. (2002) Austria, Prussia and Germany, 1806-1871. London: Longman.

Briggs, A. and Clavin, P. (2003a) Modern Europe,1789-present. 2nd ed. London: Pearson/Longman. Available at: http://reading.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1741873.

Briggs, A. and Clavin, P. (2003b) Modern Europe,1789-present. 2nd ed. London: Pearson/Longman.

Briggs, A. and Clavin, P. (2014) Modern Europe, 1789-Present. 2nd ed. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Available at: http://reading.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1741873.

Broers, M.G. (1996a) Europe after Napoleon, 1814-1848. London: Manchester University Press.

Broers, M.G. (1996b) Europe after Napoleon, 1814-1848. London: Manchester University Press.

Broers, M.G. (1996c) Europe under Napoleon, 1799-1815. London: Arnold.

Broers, M.G. (1997) Napoleonic imperialism and the Savoyard monarchy, 1773-1821: state building in Piedmont. Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press.

Broers, M.G. (2005) The Napoleonic empire in Italy, 1796-1814: cultural imperialism in a European context? Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=343790.

Broszat, M. (1987) Hitler and the collapse of Weimar Germany. Leamington Spa: Berg.

Brown, M. and Seaton, S. (1999) Christmas truce: the Western Front, December 1914. London: Pan.

Browning, P. (2000) Revolutions and nationalities: Europe, 1825-1890. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Brustein, W. (1996) The logic of evil: the social origins of the Nazi Party, 1925-1933. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Bucholz, A. (1991) Moltke, Schlieffen, and Prussian war planning. New York: Berg.

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Byrnes, J.F. (2005) Catholic and French forever: religious and national identity in modern France. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.

C. W. Newbury and A. S. Kanya-Forstner (1969) ‘French Policy and the Origins of the Scramble for West Africa’, The Journal of African History, 10(2), pp. 253–276. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/179514?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Calvocoressi, P. and Wint, G. (1989) Total war: causes and courses of the Second World War. London: Penguin.

Cannadine, D. (2001) Ornamentalism: how the British saw their empire. London: Allen Lane.

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Carol Aisha Blackshire-Belay (1992) ‘German Imperialism in Africa: The Distorted Images of Cameroon, Namibia, Tanzania, and Togo’, Journal of Black Studies, 23(2), pp. 235–246. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2784532.

Carr, E.H. and Cox, M. (2001) The twenty years’ crisis, 1919-1939: an introduction to the study of international relations. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Carr, R. (1982) Spain 1808-1975. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Carr, W. (1972) Arms, autarky and aggression: a study in German foreign policy, 1933-1939. London: Edward Arnold.

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Carr, W. (1991b) The origins of the wars of German unification. London: Longman.

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Chadwick, O. (1990) The secularization of the European mind in the nineteenth century. Canto ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Chadwick, O. (1998) A history of the popes, 1830-1914. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Chickering, R. (2004) Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914-1918. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Chickering, R. and Förster, S. (2003a) The shadows of total war: Europe, East Asia, and the United States, 1919-1939. Washington, D.C.: German Historical Institute. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/reading/Doc?id=10070391.

Chickering, R. and Förster, S. (2003b) The shadows of total war: Europe, East Asia, and the United States, 1919-1939. Washington, D.C.: German Historical Institute. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=217898.

Chickering, R., Förster, S. and Greiner, B. (2005a) A world at total war: global conflict and the politics of destruction, 1937-1945. Washington, D.C.: German Historical Institute.

Chickering, R., Förster, S. and Greiner, B. (2005b) A world at total war: global conflict and the politics of destruction, 1937-1945. Washington, D.C.: German Historical Institute. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=225384.

Cipolla, C.M. (1976a) The emergence of industrial societies. Hassocks: Harvester.

Cipolla, C.M. (1976b) The Industrial revolution, 1700-1914. Hassocks: Harvester Press.

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Clark, C.M. (2013) The sleepwalkers: how Europe went to war in 1914. London: Penguin.

Clark, C.M. and Kaiser, W. (2003) Culture wars: secular-Catholic conflict in nineteenth-century Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Clark, M. (1998a) The Italian Risorgimento. London: Longman.

Clark, M. (1998b) The Italian Risorgimento. London: Longman. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=4977060.

Clavin, P. (2000) The Great Depression in Europe, 1929-1939. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

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Corner, P. (2012a) The Fascist Party and popular opinion in Mussolini’s Italy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198730699.001.0001.

Corner, P. (2012b) The Fascist Party and popular opinion in Mussolini’s Italy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198730699.001.0001.

Craig, G.A. (1978) Germany, 1866-1945. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00821.

Craig, G.A. and American Council of Learned Societies (1999) Germany, 1866-1945. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00821.

Crook, M. (1998) Napoleon comes to power: democracy and dictatorship in revolutionary France, 1795-1804. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.

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Darwin, J. (2009a) The empire project: the rise and fall of the British world-system, 1830-1970. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=461122.

Darwin, J. (2009b) The empire project: the rise and fall of the British world-system, 1830-1970. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?milDocID=233667.

David M. Glantz (1998) ‘The Red Army at War, 1941-1945: Sources and Interpretations’, The Journal of Military History, 62(3), pp. 595–617. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/120439.

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Davies, N. (1997b) Europe: a history. Repr. ed., with corrections. London: Pimlico.

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Dwyer, P.G. (2001b) Napoleon and Europe. Harlow: Longman. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315840383.

E. J. Knapton (1934) ‘Some Aspects of the Bourbon Restoration of 1814’, The Journal of Modern History, 6(4), pp. 405–424. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1871641?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Eatwell, R. (1995) Fascism: a history. London: Chatto & Windus.

Edward Berenson (1995) ‘A Permanent Revolution: The Historiography of 1789’, Modern China, 21(1), pp. 77–104. Available at: http://www.jstor.org.idpproxy.reading.ac.uk/stable/189283?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Eley, G. (1986) From unification to Nazism: reinterpreting the German past. Boston Mass.: Allen & Unwin.

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Evans, R.J.W. and Pogge von Strandmann, H. (1988) The coming of the First World War. Oxford: Clarendon. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198228417.001.0001.

Evans, R.J.W. and Pogge Von Strandmann, H. (1999) The revolutions in Europe, 1848-9: from reform to reaction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199249978.001.0001.

Evans, R.J.W. and Pogge von Strandmann, H. (2002) The revolutions in Europe, 1848-1849: from reform to reaction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199249978.001.0001.

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Glantz, D.M. and House, J.M. (1995) When Titans clashed: how the Red Army stopped Hitler. Lawrence, Kan: University Press of Kansas. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=5244862.

Goldstein, E. (2002a) The First World War peace settlements, 1919-1925. London: Longman. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=1474411.

Goldstein, E. (2002b) The First World War peace settlements, 1919-1925. London: Longman. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=1474411.

Gollwitzer, H. (1969) Europe in the age of imperialism, 1880-1914 ; translated from the German by D. Adam and S. Baron. London: Thames and Hudson.

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Gordon R. Mork (1971) ‘Bismarck and the “Capitulation” of German Liberalism’, The Journal of Modern History, 43(1), pp. 59–75. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1877926?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

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Graham, B.J. (1998b) Modern Europe: place, culture and identity. London: Arnold.

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H. L. Varley (1953) ‘Imperialism and Rudyard Kipling’, Journal of the History of Ideas, 14(1), pp. 124–135. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2707499?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

H. W. Koch (1983) ‘Hitler’s “Programme” and the Genesis of Operation “Barbarossa”’, The Historical Journal, 26(4), pp. 891–920. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2639289?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Habakkuk, H.J. and Postan, M.M. (1965a) The Cambridge economic history of Europe, vol. 6 The industrial revolutions and after : incomes, populations and technological change. Cambridge: At the University Press.

Habakkuk, H.J. and Postan, M.M. (1965b) The Cambridge economic history of Europe Vol. VI: the industrial revolutions and after: incomes, population and technological change (II) Part I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hahn, H.J. (2001) The 1848 revolutions in German-speaking Europe. Harlow: Longman.

Haigh, R.H., Morris, D.S. and Peters, A.R. (1981) The rise and rise of the Third Reich: Nazi foreign policy 1933-1939. Sheffield: Sheffield City Polytechnic, Department of Political Studies.

Haines, M.R. (1976) ‘Population and Economic Change in Nineteenth-Century Eastern Europe: Prussian Upper Silesia, 1840–1913’, The Journal of Economic History, 36(02), pp. 334–358. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700081717.

Halecki, O. (1950) The limits and divisions of European history. New York: Sheed & Ward.

Hamerow, T.S. (1983a) The birth of a new Europe: state and society in the nineteenth century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

Hamerow, T.S. (1983b) The birth of a new Europe: state and society in the nineteenth century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

Hamerow, T.S. (1983c) The birth of a new Europe: state and society in the nineteenth century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

Hamerow, T.S. (1983d) The birth of a new Europe: state and society in the nineteenth century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

Hamilton, R.F. and Herwig, H.H. (2004a) Decisions for war, 1914-1917. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hamilton, R.F. and Herwig, H.H. (2004b) Decisions for war, 1914-1917. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=228271.

Hans-Ulrich Wehler (1970) ‘Bismarck’s Imperialism 1862-1890’, Past & Present, (48), pp. 119–155. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/650484?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Hardman, A. (1976) Nineteenth century Europe. London: Sussex Books.

Harley, C.K. and Crafts, N.F.R. (2000) ‘Simulating the Two Views of the British Industrial Revolution’, The Journal of Economic History, 60(03), pp. 819–841. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700025778.

Harold T. Parker (1990) ‘Why Did Napoleon Invade Russia? A Study in Motivation and the Interrelations of Personality and Social Structure’, The Journal of Military History, 54(2), pp. 131–146. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1986039?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Hart, J.L. (2008) Empires and colonies. Cambridge: Polity.

Hart, R. (2004) Clash of arms: how the allies won in Normandy. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

Hartmut Pogge von Strandmann (1969) ‘Domestic Origins of Germany’s Colonial Expansion under Bismarck’, Past & Present, (42), pp. 140–159. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/650184?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Hastings, M. (1985) Overlord: D-Day and the battle for Normandy. London: Pan.

Hastings, M. (2012a) All hell let loose: the world at war 1939-45. London: HarperPress.

Hastings, M. (2012b) All hell let loose: the world at war 1939-45. London: HarperPress.

Hastings, M. (2012c) All hell let loose: the world at war 1939-45. London: HarperPress.

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Hay, D. (1957b) Europe: the emergence of an idea. Edinburgh: University Press.

Hayes, P.M. (1992) Themes in modern European history, 1890-1945. London: Routledge.

Hayne, M.B. (1993) The French Foreign Office and the origins of the First World War, 1898-1914. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198202707.001.0001.

Hayne, M. B. (1993) The French Foreign Office and the origins of the First World War 1898-1914. Oxford: Clarendon. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198202707.001.0001.

Headrick, D.R. (1981) The tools of empire: technology and European imperialism in the nineteenth century. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hearder, H. (1966) Europe in the nineteenth century, 1830-1880. London: Longman.

Hearder, H. (1983) Italy in the age of the Risorgimento 1790-1870. London: Longman.

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Heater, D. (1992b) The idea of European unity. Leicester: Leicester University Press.

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Henderson, W.O. (1958) State and the industrial revolution in prussia.

Henderson, W.O. (1961) The industrial revolution on the continent: Germany, France, Russia, 1800-1914. London: Frank Cass & Co.

Henderson, W.O. (1969) Industrialization of europe.

Henderson, W.O. (1972) Britain and industrial Europe 1750-1870: studies in British influence on the industrial revolution in western Europe. 3rd ed. Leicester: Leicester University Press.

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Henig, R. (1998) The Weimar Republic, 1919-1933. London: Routledge.

Henig, R. (2002) The origins of the First World War. 3rd ed. London: Routledge.

Henry Weisser (1981) ‘Chartism in 1848: Reflections on a Non-Revolution’, Albion:  A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies, 13(1), pp. 12–26. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4049111?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Herwig, H.H. (2014) The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary, 1914-1918. 2nd ed. London: Bloomsbury. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781474211031?locatt=label:secondary_bloomsburyCollections.

Hewitson, M. (2004) Germany and the causes of the First World War. Oxford: Berg.

Hewitson, M. (2010) Nationalism in Germany, 1848-1866: revolutionary nation. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Hewitson, M. and D’Auria, M. (2012) Europe in crisis: intellectuals and the European idea, 1917-1957. New York: Berghahn Books. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=1094717.

Hiden, J. (1993a) Germany and Europe 1919-1939. 2nd edition. London: Longman.

Hiden, J. (1993b) Germany and Europe 1919-1939. 2nd edition. London: Longman.

Hiden, J. (1996) Republican and fascist Germany: themes and variations in the history of Weimar and the Third Reich, 1918-45. London: Longman.

Hillgruber, A. (1981) Germany and the two world wars. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

Hobsbawm, E.J. (1992) Nations and nationalism since 1780: programme, myth, reality. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hobsbawm, E.J. (1994) The age of empire, 1875-1914. London: Abacus.

Hobsbawm, E.J. (1995) Age of extremes: the short twentieth century, 1914-1991. London: ABACUS.

Hobsbawm, E.J. (1997) The age of revolution: Europe 1789-1848. London: Abacus.

Hobsbawm, E.J. and American Council of Learned Societies (1992) Nations and nationalism since 1780: programme, myth, reality. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01299.

Hodgart, A. (1977) The economics of European imperialism. London: Edward Arnold.

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Howard, M. (2002a) The First World War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?milDocID=75321.

Howard, M. (2002b) The First World War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?milDocID=75321.

Howard, M. (2007) The First World War: a very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Huck, P. (1995) ‘Infant Mortality and Living Standards of English Workers During the Industrial Revolution’, The Journal of Economic History, 55(03). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700041620.

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Hyam, R. (2002) Britain’s imperial century, 1815-1914: a study of empire and expansion. 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=6295578.

Ian L. D. Forbes (1978) ‘German Informal Imperialism in South America before 1914’, The Economic History Review, 31(3), pp. 384–398. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2598760.

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Jacques Delacroix and François Nielsen (2001) ‘The Beloved Myth: Protestantism and the Rise of Industrial Capitalism in Nineteenth-Century Europe’, Social Forces, 80(2), pp. 509–553. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2675588?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

James, H. (2003) Europe reborn: a history, 1914-2000. Harlow, England: Pearson Longman. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=1733961.

James M. Diehl (1989) ‘Germany in Defeat, 1918 and 1945: Some Comparisons and Contrasts’, The History Teacher, 22(4), pp. 397–409. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/494765?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

John Breuilly (1990) ‘Nation and Nationalism in Modern German History’, The Historical Journal, 33(3), pp. 659–675. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2639736?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

John F. Flynn (1988) ‘At the Threshold of Dissolution: The National Liberals and Bismarck 1877/1878’, The Historical Journal, 31(2), pp. 319–340. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2639216?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

John F. Laffey (1969) ‘Roots of French Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century: The Case of Lyon’, French Historical Studies, 6(1), pp. 78–92. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/286245?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

John R. Gillis (1970) ‘Political Decay and the European Revolutions, 1789-1848’, World Politics, 22(3), pp. 344–370. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2009601?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Johnson, R. (2003) British imperialism. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

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Joll, J. (2007) The origins of the First World War. 3rd ed. London: Longman.

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Judt, T. (1978) Socialism in Provence, 1871-1914: a study in the origins of the modern French left. Cambridge, Eng: Cambridge University Press.

Julian Hoppit (1990) ‘Counting the Industrial Revolution’, The Economic History Review, 43(2), pp. 173–193. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2596785?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Kaelble, H. (2004) The European way: European societies during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. New York: Berghahn Books.

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Kindleberger, C.P., De Long, J.B. and Eichengreen, B.J. (2013) The world in depression, 1929-1939. 40th anniversary edition. Berkeley: University of California Press.

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Kitchen, M. (2012a) A history of modern Germany, 1800 to the present. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=706774.

Kitchen, M. (2012b) A history of modern Germany, 1800 to the present. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=706774.

Kitchen, M. (2012c) A history of modern Germany, 1800 to the present. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.

Kitchen, M. (2012d) A history of modern Germany, 1800 to the present. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=706774.

Kitchen, M. (2012e) A history of modern Germany, 1800 to the present. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.

Kitchen, M. (2012f) A history of modern Germany, 1800 to the present. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=706774.

Kitchen, M. (2012g) A history of modern Germany, 1800 to the present. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.

Kitchen, M. (2012h) A history of modern Germany, 1800 to the present. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=706774.

Kitchen, M. (2013) Europe between the wars. Second edition. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.

Knox, M. (2000) Common destiny: dictatorship, foreign policy, and war in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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Kocka, J. and American Council of Learned Societies (1984) Facing total war: German society, 1914-1918. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01301.

Kocka, J. and Mitchell, A. (1993) Bourgeois society in nineteenth-century Europe. Oxford: Berg.

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Lamb, M. and Tarling, N. (2001b) From Versailles to Pearl Harbor: the origins of the Second World War in Europe and Asia. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?milDocID=24884.

Landes, D.S. (2003) The unbound Prometheus: technological change and industrial development in Western Europe from 1750 to present. 2nd. ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Langenbacher, E., Niven, W.J. and Wittlinger, R. (2012) Dynamics of memory and identity in contemporary Europe. New York: Berghahn Books. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=1337703.

Langhorne, R. (1981a) The collapse of the Concert of Europe: international politics, 1890-1914. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Langhorne, R. (1981b) The collapse of the Concert of Europe: international politics, 1890-1914. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Laszlo Deme (1972) ‘The Society for Equality in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848’, Slavic Review, 31(1), pp. 71–88. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2494145?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Le Bon, G. and Hanna, M. (1999) Psychology of the Great War: the First World War and its origins. New Brunswick: Transaction.

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Lewald, F. and Lewis, H.B. (1997) A year of revolutions: Fanny Lewald’s recollections of 1848. Providence, R.I: Berghahn Books.

Lewis, D.L. (1988) The race to Fashoda: European colonialism and African resistence in the scramble for Africa. Bloomsbury.

Lewis, G. (1993) The French Revolution: rethinking the debate. London: Routledge. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=166606.

Lieven, D.C.B. (1983) Russia and the origins of the First World War. London: Macmillan.

Lightbody, B. (2004) The Second World War: ambitions to nemesis. London: Routledge.

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Lyons, M. (2006a) Post-revolutionary Europe, 1815-1856. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Lyons, M. (2006b) Post-revolutionary Europe, 1815-1856. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Mack Smith, D. (1971) Victor Emanuel, Cavour and the Risorgimento. London: Oxford University Press.

Mack Smith, D. (1985) Cavour and Garibaldi, 1860: a study in political conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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Mack Smith, D. (1994) Mazzini. New Haven: Yale University Press.

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Margaret Lavinia Anderson (1995) ‘The Limits of Secularization: On the Problem of the Catholic Revival in Nineteenth-Century Germany’, The Historical Journal, 38(3), pp. 647–670. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2640007?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Mark Traugott (1988) ‘The Crowd in the French Revolution of February, 1848’, The American Historical Review, 93(3), pp. 638–652. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1868105?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Martel, G. (1999a) The Origins of the Second World War reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the historians. 2nd ed. London: Routledge.

Martel, G. (1999b) The Origins of the Second World War reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the historians. 2nd ed. London: Routledge.

Martel, G. (1999c) The Origins of the Second World War reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the historians. 2nd ed. London: Routledge.

Martel, G. (2003) The origins of the First World War. 3rd ed. London: Longman.

Martel, G. (2004) The World War Two reader. New York: Routledge.

Martyn P. Thompson (1994) ‘Ideas of Europe during the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars’, Journal of the History of Ideas, 55(1), pp. 37–58. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2709952?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Marwick, A., Simpson, W. and Emsley, C. (2001a) Total war and historical change: Europe, 1914-1955. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Marwick, A., Simpson, W. and Emsley, C. (2001b) Total war and historical change: Europe, 1914-1955. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Marx, K., Engels, F., Isaac, J.C. and Lukes, S. (2012a) The Communist manifesto. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Marx, K., Engels, F., Isaac, J.C. and Lukes, S. (2012b) The Communist manifesto. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Mason, D.S. (2015a) A concise history of modern Europe: liberty, equality, solidarity. 3rd ed. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield.

Mason, D.S. (2015b) A concise history of modern Europe: liberty, equality, solidarity. 3rd ed. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield.

Mason, D.S. (2015c) A concise history of modern Europe: liberty, equality, solidarity. 3rd ed. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield. Available at: http://reading.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1918479.

Mason, H., Doyle, W., and Colston Research Society (1989) The Impact of the French Revolution on European consciousness. Gloucester: Sutton.

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Mathias, P. and Postan, M.M. (eds) (1978b) The Cambridge economic history of Europe: Volume 7 Part 2: The Industrial Economies: Capital, Labour and Enterprise. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521215916.

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Matthews, A. (2001b) Revolution and reaction: Europe 1789-1849. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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Mayer, A.J. and American Council of Learned Societies (1981) The persistence of the Old Regime: Europe to the great war. New York: Pantheon Books. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02870.

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Morgan, P. (1995) Italian fascism, 1919-1945. Basingstoke: MacMillan Press.

Morgan, P. (2002) Fascism in Europe, 1919-1945. London: Routledge.

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Offer, A. (1989) The First World War, an agrarian interpretation. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03445.

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Otto Pflanze (1955) ‘Bismarck and German Nationalism’, The American Historical Review, 60(3), pp. 548–566. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1845577?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

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P. M. Kennedy (1972) ‘Bismarck’s Imperialism: The Case of Samoa, 1880-1890’, The Historical Journal, 15(2), pp. 261–283. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2638121?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Pagden, A.R. (2000) Facing each other: the world’s perception of Europe and Europe’s perception of the world. Aldershot: Ashgate/Variorum.

Pagden, A.R. (no date) The Idea of Europe: from antiquity to the European Union. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=217777.

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Patriarca, S. and Riall, L. (2012) The Risorgimento revisited: nationalism and culture in nineteenth-century Italy. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Patricia M. E. Lorcin (1999) ‘Imperialism, Colonial Identity, and Race in Algeria, 1830-1870: The Role of the French Medical Corps’, Isis, 90(4), pp. 653–679. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/237655?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

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Pflanze, O. (1992b) Bismarck and the development of Germany. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Available at: http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=3031013.

Pipes, R. (1974) Russia under the old regime. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.

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Pollard, S. (1999) Essays on the industrial revolution in Britain. Aldershot: Ashgate.

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Porter, A.N. (1994) European imperialism: 1860-1914. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Porter, B. (1968) Critics of empire: British radical attitudes to colonialism in Africa, 1895-1914. London: Macmillan.

Power, T.F. (1977) Jules Ferry and the renaissance of French imperialism. New York: Octagon Books.

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Pulzer, P.G.J. (1997) Germany, 1870-1945: politics, state formation, and war. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

R. V. Jackson (1992) ‘Rates of Industrial Growth during the Industrial Revolution’, The Economic History Review, 45(1), pp. 1–23. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2598326?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Rafe Blaufarb (1995) ‘The French Revolution: The Birth of European Popular Democracy?’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 37(3), pp. 608–618. Available at: http://www.jstor.org.idpproxy.reading.ac.uk/stable/179222?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Rath, R.J. (1977) The Viennese revolution of 1848. Austin: University of Texas Press. Available at: http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=4825819.

Riall, L. (1994) The Italian Risorgimento: state, society, and national unification. London: Routledge.

Riall, L. (1997) Sicily and the Unification of Italy. Oxford: Clarendon press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206804.001.0001.

Riall, L. (1998) Sicily and the unification of Italy: liberal policy and local power, 1859-1866. Oxford: Clarendon. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206804.001.0001.

Riall, L. (2007) Garibaldi: invention of a hero. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Riall, L. and Laven, D. (2000) Napoleon’s legacy: problems of government in Restoration Europe. Oxford: Berg.

Rich, N. (1973) Hitler’s war aims: vol. 1: Ideology, the Nazi state, and the course of expansion. New York: W.W. Norton.

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Robert L. Hess (1973) ‘Italian Imperialism in Its Ethiopian Context’, The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 6(1), pp. 94–109. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/216975?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Robert S. Stuart (1999) ‘“A ‘De Profundis’ for Christian Socialism”: French Marxists and the Critique of Political Catholicism, 1882-1905’, French Historical Studies, 22(2), pp. 241–261. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/286748?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

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Roberts, J.M. (1997b) The Penguin history of Europe. London: Penguin Books. Available at: https://www.vlebooks.com/product/openreader?id=UniReading&accId=9368356&isbn=9780141925097.

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Ronald J. Ross (1984) ‘Enforcing the Kulturkampf in the Bismarckian State and the Limits of Coercion in Imperial Germany’, The Journal of Modern History, 56(3), pp. 456–482. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1880020?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

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S. William Halperin (1973) ‘The Origins of the Franco-Prussian War Revisited: Bismarck and the Hohenzollern Candidature for the Spanish Throne’, The Journal of Modern History, 45(1), pp. 83–91. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1877596?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Sammartino, A. (2010) The impossible border: Germany and the east, 1914-1922. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=3138629.

Sassoon, D. (1997) One hundred years of socialism: the West European Left in the twentieth century. London: Fontana. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/reading/detail.action?docID=677036.

Sassoon, D. (2006) The culture of the Europeans: from 1800 to the present. London: HarperPress.

Saville, J. (1987) 1848: the British state and the Chartist movement. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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Schroeder, P.W. (1994a) The transformation of European politics 1763-1848. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Schroeder, P.W. (1994b) The transformation of European politics 1763-1848. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Schroeder, P.W. (1994c) The transformation of European politics 1763-1848. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

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Schulze, H. (1990) The course of German nationalism: from Frederick the Great to Bismarck, 1763-1867. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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Schulze, H. (1996b) States, nations, and nationalism: from the Middle Ages to the present. Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell.

Schulze, H. (1996c) States, nations, and nationalism: from the Middle Ages to the present. Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell.

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Siemann, W. (1998) The German Revolution of 1848-9. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

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Steiner, Z.S. (2005) The lights that failed: European international history 1919-1933. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198221142.001.0001.

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Weber, E. (1977) Peasants into Frenchmen: the modernization of rural France, 1870-1914. London: Chatto and Windus. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01321.

Weber, E. and American Council of Learned Societies (1976) Peasants into Frenchmen: the modernization of rural France, 1870-1914. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. Available at: https://go.openathens.net/redirector/reading.ac.uk?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01321.

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White, O. and Daughton, J. P. (2012) In God’s empire: French missionaries and the modern world. New York: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195396447.001.0001.

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